US Invests $300 Million to Support Quantum Hardware, Accelerating Quantum Resistance Upgrades for Bitcoin and Ethereum

The U.S. Department of Commerce has allocated up to $100 million each to three quantum computing companies—Rigetti, D-Wave, and Quantinuum—totaling up to $300 million. This funding is aimed at expanding hardware, manufacturing, and error correction systems, while also acquiring minority stakes in the three companies. Developers of Bitcoin and Ethereum are accelerating their post-quantum cryptography upgrade plans. The Ethereum Foundation has set December 2029 as the deadline for the foundational layer quantum resistance upgrade, covering the execution layer, consensus layer, and data layer. Although Bitcoin does not have a unified timeline, proposals BIP-360 (post-quantum output types) and BIP-361 (phasing out ECDSA and Schnorr signatures) are being expedited, with researchers also viewing 2029 as a critical window for completing a trustworthy migration path.

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